CareersNG

I am an applicant (Elect/Elect Engr) and i want to learn how to mount and track satellites such as DStv, HiTv, Daarsat, MyTv, etc. I went to a satellite installer but the man said that i will pay N50,000 for the training. Is it possible for us to learn this job through this site? Pls if u know anything thing about it, i will be happy to see ur post on this forum

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

Well i have both the theoretical and the practical aspect of the stuff. I was once despirate as you are. I finally get it right thru research in 3-trial. So I believe u don't have to sweat that much anyway. So how do I start?
First let me introduce you to the theoretical aspect of the tutorial. You must know that in we have several satellites in the space and on each satellite we have what is call "transponder". each satellite is located in certain position in the orbit. e.g. Sessat w4 36 degree east.
more on all this later...

I will advice you to get your tools ready and let's get started. I will start with the topic:
Understanding the satellite(intro)
Tracking the satellite(how to ).
Getting an updated transponder content.
Needed tools
Pitfalls you must avoid
Let's rock and roll (practical)

I will be giving some reference in the next post. I believe you can get it from here becus you are at the right place. So stay turned!
Seluwole.

seluwole thanks.I will be happy to read ur Stuff as soon as possible

Thanks for your patient. There is no new things under the sun. Excepts for some new integration and upgrade.

All the technicalities involved in satellite tv technology has been comprehensively describe here:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_television

But i will like to give you some guide line on how to get it working (i.e the practical).

For you to do a successfull satellite installation. You must know the Name, frequency and the position (angle) of the satellite you want to face.

You can get some information on satellite, frequency, position(coordinate), symbol rate and the available programmes(channels) here:

http://www.lyngsat.com/

For instance, check out this link: http://www.lyngsat.com/ew4.html

HiTv & Dstv are on the same satellite position 36-degree east and if you follow the link above you can actually click on each of the button label "P" to checkout there packages.

So you must be able to:

1. Know the name and position of the satellite you want to face. (HiTv & DsTV are on Eutelsat W4 at 36.0°E)
2. know the frequency and symbol rate (SR-FEC) and the polarity(vertical or horizontal)
for HiTv check details:
http://www.lyngsat.com/packages/hitv.html

For DsTV check details:

http://www.lyngsat.com/packages/mcafrica36.html

If you go through the first link and ready carefully. You will, by now, understand that HiTv and DsTv does not use the same encryption/scrambling method.
HiTv uses conax while DsTv uses Irdeto. This explain the reason while DsTv decoder may not be able to work with HiTv card and vise-versa. I understand there are certain receivers that can do both (Universal).

Although you can scan and save all the channels from both provider, but you will need a universal satellite receiver that can do both irdeto and conax for both card to work with the same satellite receiver.

So it means that even though you can use the one dish, facing the same satellite, you will need a good receiver to use both Dstv and Hitv card.

For the next class, you may need to get the following ready:

1. Satellite receiver unit.
2. Compass (if you can get one around) or better still a GPS unit (this is expensive mind you)
3. 90cm Dish or the Hitv kind or dish with LNB. (DsTv 90cm Dish is better in poor weather condition. You'll be helping your LNB to see better)
4. Coaxial cable. Long enough to reach the position of your Dish to the Satellite receiver (Decoder).
5. Four F-connector. You will put this at both end of the cable.
6. You can also get the satellite finder (I don't use it that much... but you may need it. )
7. Television Set (14" or more).

All of this items are must get excepts number-2. Hey! Get it if you can, compass/GPS helps you locate your coodinate and save your time+energy. But we can do it the african way if you can get it.

Buzz me when you get everything ready.

Remain Solid,
Seluwole.

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

@ Fowe
Good ?s indeed. ds are ?s from d enginering point of view. I think by the tym ds ?s ar answered, we shall be boasting of delievering seminar at any level.
However, I would be glad if u set the ball rolling in answering these ?s bcos u have asked the as 1 who know beter.
@ Seluwole.
good jod man. th ?s thrown by Fowe are reasonabl ?s. pls Im waiting to c contributions.
Thnks people.

Yea, guys where are we??
Sorry for the break. My Internet provider back home keep making things difficult here in africa.


Now let us start by going through fowe's highly revealing question one-by-one.
1) What is a Fresnel's zone? does it apply to satellite communication?

Answer:

Fresnel Zone is a strong factor in optical or radio waves communications. Best describe and analysed by wikipedia:
"If unobstructed, radio waves will travel in a straight line from the transmitter to the receiver. But if there are obstacles near the path, the radio waves reflecting off those objects may arrive out of phase with the signals that travel directly and reduce the power of the received signal. On the other hand, the reflection can enhance the power of the received signal if the reflection and the direct signals arrive in phase. Sometimes this results in the counterintuitive finding that reducing the height of an antenna increases the S+N/N ratio."



From this understandings. We can conclude that when it comes to satellite communication, Fresnel Zone is not a factor to be consider.

Need more on frenel's Zone, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_zone


QUESTION 2:
2) What is the up-link and down-link bandwidth your HiTv and DsTv?
can they carry data? how? why?

Generally, return channel for bi-directional communication in C, KU and KA frequency bands support a return bandwidth up to 2MB/S.
This implies that both the DSTV and the HiTv can actually carry data but with a transceiver. The communication is in one-way with the present LNB (Low Noise Block converter), but to create a bi-directional communication, you need a transceiver (a unit to transmit back to the satellite and receive from it). Then we can now be talking about uplink/down-link bandwidth available from these providers.
A lot of things comes to play when it comes to this levels of operation which include provider license issues, size of your dish(bigger than normal 90cm dish) and certain equipment such as the modem, TCP/IP setup and all that...
So the best answer to this question is YES! but several condition applied.

QUESTION 3:
3) Whats the key difference between an LNB and a BUC.

ANSWER:

LNB which means "Low-noise Block converter" is the receiving (downlink) antennal of a parabolic satellite dish. This allow you to fetch from the satellite.

BUC which implies "Block up-converter" is used in transmission of satellite signal (UPLINK). So in summary, LNB does the downlink (download) while the BUC does the uplink (upload). When the two are used together on a dish then you are trying to create a bi-directional communication. Which means in a lay man language "You can fetch and send back to the satellite). This is necessary for data communication or access to the internet.

QUESTION:
4) We have C-Band and Ku-Band frequencies for VSAT's which is is for HiTv and DsTv and how are they different

ANWSER:
...to be continue.

let my people contribute to this first...

I report ooo

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

Nice contribution from you guys. We are building this thread. Let me try and make my own contribution from here, no matter how small.
?8Attenuation-- U know, the satellite signal is a kind of flux passing through space --the medium-- before reaching us. now as the signal comes down, it experiences a gradual loss in the intensity. It affects the propagation of waves and signals in electronic/electrical and communication circuits.

?9 The type of wave particles from the satellite in nothing but purely electromagnetic. see the electromagnetic spectrum RIVUX-G. The first being the radio wave,the satellite wave is a radio wave of very high frequencies, i.e the upper bands of the radio waves.
This wave is diff from others in that. INFRA RED is the portion that causes heat, VISIBLE LIGHT--that u can see ROYGBIV. ULTRA VIOLET u know its damaging effect,and X-RAY, and GAMMA RAY are extremely thought. lots of physics there my people, but its just to make it short.
Have I said something?

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

hello guys.
glad to be back to this thread.
This thread shall not die, I will find time to continue with it. hope u do too.
enjoy

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

Thanks for all ur contribution to this topic. At least i have learnt a lot from this forum. Am sorry for not responding to the contribution since. Am so busy with microscale embedded systems now. They are into microcontrollers/embedded system designs,training,etc. Click there site if u have interest in embedded systems. www.microscale-embedded.com

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.

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If what you did yesterday still looks big to you, you haven't done much today .
......Mike Bertola.

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Fowe.
Choices make or mar Chances ... add extra care to your choices today.